המלצות תזונתיות לאורך השנים

דף הבית / מרפאות מטבוליות ותזונה / המלצות תזונתיות לאורך השנים

המלצות תזונתיות במאה ה-21

עיקר ההמלצות מתייחס לדפוסי תזונה בריאים במקום לרכיבי מזון, וההמלצות לצריכת מגוון ירקות, פירות, דגנים (שלפחות חצי מהם מלאים) ומגוון מזונות עשירים בחלבון ובשמנים.

דפוסי תזונה בריאים

ירקות, פירות, דגנים (לפחות חצי מלאים), חלב ומוצריו (נטולי או דלי שומן, כולל חלב סויה), מקורות חלבון (כמו פירות ים, בשר ועוף רזים, ביצים, קטניות, אגוזים וזרעים ומוצרי סויה), ושמנים. דפוס תזונה בריא כולל הגבלה של כמות שומן רווי, שומן טרנס ,סוכר מוסף ונתרן.

הגבלת רכיבי תזונה

המלצה להגביל רכיבי תזונה שנמצאו כנצרכים בכמויות גבוהות מדי והוכח מדעית כי לצריכה זו השפעה שלילית על בריאות האדם: לצרוך פחות מ-10% מהקלוריות מסוכר מוסף (לא כולל סוכר טבעי כמו בחלב ופירות); לצרוך פחות מ-10% מהקלוריות משומן רווי; לצרוך פחות מ-2300 מ"ג נתרן ביום.

המלצות תזונתיות 2010

שנת 2010 הייתה שנת מהפך בתפיסה התזונתית. זו הייתה השנה שנפרדנו מפירמידת המזון לטובת צלחת המזון.

המלצות תזונתיות - 2005

אורח החיים עומד במרכז השיח כגורם מרכזי בתחלואה ותמותה. משקל גוף ופעילות גופנית הם כוכבי העשור הראשון של האלף השלישי ואיתם נולדת ההמלצה לצרוך דגנים מלאים ולתת לפירמידת המזון להנחות את התזונה.

המלצות תזונתיות - 1992

התייחסות לשומן ולסוכר והימנעות מהם מככב בהמלצות העשור האחרון של האלף השני. יחד עם זאת, דגנים ומוצרי קמח מקבלים מקום של כבוד. גילוי המדד הגליקמי והתפיסה כי מזון שמן מן החי עומדים בבסיס הסיבות להשמנה, מובילים את השיח הציבורי בשנים אלה.

המלצות תזונתיות - 1970

השנים המסמלות את המעבר מחוסר לעודף ומסמנות את תחילתו של עידן ההשמנה.

המלצות - שנות ה-50-60

ב-1956 פורסם מדריך חדש שכלל 4 קבוצות מזון: חלב, בשר, דגנים ופירות וירקות.

המלצות תזונתיות - 1940

7 הנחיות לתזונה בשעת מלחמה, פורסמו בשנות ה-40, על מנת להבטיח את הצרכים התזונתיים גם בפחות קלוריות. בהמשך העשור פורסמו המלצות למנות תחליף מקבוצות המזון השונות.

המלצות תזונתיות - 1916

המדריך התזונתי הראשון נקרא "מזון לגיל הרך" וכלל 5 קבוצות מזון: בשר וחלב, דגנים, פירות וירקות, שומנים וסוכרים. שנה לאחר מכן המדריך הורחב לציבור הרחב עד שכלל הרכב תזונתי לצריכה משפחתית.

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